With the arrival of independence, Lima became the capital of the newly created Peruvian Republic. In 1821, the city's first major public works p...
Sunset
Twilight
Darkness
Most people know that sunset is the time when the sun goes down. But did you know that the sun doesn't actually set? Instead, Earth rotates into darkness, giving us the illusion that the sun is setting. So what causes sunset?
Well, it's a combination of things. The Earth's atmosphere scatters sunlight in every direction, but blue and violet light are scattered more than other colors. This is why the sky is usually blue during the daytime. As the sun gets lower in the sky, the atmosphere becomes thicker and more dense.
This scattering of sunlight happens to a greater extent, and we see red and orange light more than blue and violet light. That's why sunset is usually a beautiful red or orange color. So next time you see sunset, remember that you're actually seeing Earth rotate into darkness!
Lima is the capital and largest city of Peru. Located in the central highlands of Peru, it is the country's political, economic, and cultural center. With a population of approximately 12 million as of 2010, Lima is the most populous city in Peru. Lima is also the regional capital of Peru.
Lima is located in the Lima Region, bordered by the Andes to the east, the coast to the south and southwest, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. The city has a complex geography, with several valleys and hills, the lowest of which is Huancayo at . The slopes of the Andes form the natural drainage system for the valley of the Rímac River, the largest river in Peru. The city's terrain is mostly flat, with the exception of the hills of Miraflores and San Isidro, and a few hills on the outskirts.
The climate is temperate, with warm and dry summers and cold and wet winters. Lima has a reasonable year-round temperature, ranging between 17.5 and 28 degrees Celsius. Lima's protected location in the highlands and its distance from the coast moderates temperature extremes and humidity, although Lima can be warmer than other Peruvian cities during hot weather. Lima receives more than of rain per year, mostly in the autumn and winter months.is
The walls and gates of the old city bear witness to the fortification that was necessary to protect Lima from attack by the Caribs, nomadic Amerindians who roamed the Peruvian Andes. The city was founded by the Spanish in 1535 on the remains of the Inca capital of Cuzco. The Spanish named the city "Lima" after the ancient city of Lima, in present-day Bolivia. Spanish settlement in the region began in earnest in 1538, and Lima soon became the center of trans-Andean trade. The subsequent colonization of the entire valley of the Rímac increased the city's importance.
Lima became the Peruvian capital in 1545, and it was Iturbide who renamed the city "Cathay" in honor of the Chinese emperor who had support for the Peruvian revolution. The city's growth continued during the colonial period, as it became the center of the Spanish viceroyalty of Peru. The city experienced a period of great expansion beginning in the 18th century, as it grew to become one of the largest cities in the Americas. The construction of the Lima–Callao railway in the 1840s and 1850s helped to spur this growth.
With the arrival of independence, Lima became the capital of the newly created Peruvian Republic. In 1821, the city's first major public works project, the Miraflores Park, was inaugurated. The project, which cost nearly a million dollars, featured a lake, gardens, a palace, and a theater.
}As the sun sets, the sky slowly grows dark. For many people, this is a time to relax and wind down for the day. But have you ever wondered exactly when it gets dark? The answer may surprise you.
Did you know that darkness actually begins long before the sun sets? As the sun gets lower in the sky, its light has to travel through more atmosphere. This filters out some of the blue light, making the sun look redder. At the same time, shadows get longer and darker. So by the time the sun finally dips below the horizon, darkness has already begun to fall.
Of course, not all places on Earth experience darkness at the same time. Near the equator, the sun sets and rises almost directly overhead. This means that there is less of a difference between daytime and nighttime. Closer to the poles, however, the sun stays low in the sky for much of the year. This leads to longer periods of darkness during wintertime.